Up P̔Mx 쐬: 2022-09-10
XV: 2022-09-10


Hartmann (2016), 4.2
G = Rs - LE - SH - Feo

G : the storage of energy in the surface soil and water
Rs : the net radiative flux of energy into the surface
LE : the latent heat flux from the surface to the atmosphere (evaporative cooling)
SH : the sensible heat flux from the surface to the atmosphere (sensible cooling)
Feo : the horizontal flux out of the column of land-ocean below the surface


Hartmann (2016), 4.7

a grass field in Matador, Saskatchewan, 1971-07-30
Rs = ( S | S ) + ( F | F )
S : the downward flux of solar radiation at the surface
S : the upward flux of solar radiation at the surface
F : the downward longwave flux at the surface
F : the upward longwave flux at the surface



a dry, barren lake bed at El Mirage, California, 1950-06-10


a field of mature corn in Madison, Wisconsin, 1952-09-04


a well-irrigated alfalfa field in Hancock, Wisconsin, 1956-07-09,
when the air was advected to the field from a warm dry area.




  • p/Ql
    • Hartmann, D.L. (2016) : Global Physical Climatology (Sec. Ed.). Elsevier.